Networking Devices

The device is used for networking is called Networking device .There are many types of networking device which is following.

HUB:  

 1.  Hub is a networking device for a central point used to connect more than one computer, routers and modems in a network. Hub is generally use in STAR topology.

  2 The hub allows each device to talk to the others.

  3 It’s act as an interface.

  4 It’s broadcasting the packets.

 5 Create more traffic.

 6 Distribute bandwidth

 7 Hubs are such simple devices- they require no configuration and have no manuals. Now their function is included in other devices such as bridge and switches. 

 

There are three types of hubs:-
  1. Active hubs: -     These types of hub have 8 to 12 port. It receives the signal and generates the signal and transmitting into the network. It’s consumed power and gives good performance.

  2. Passive hubs: -      A central connecting devices in a network that joins wires from several stations in a star configuration. It doesn’t provide any processing or regeneration of signals.

  3. Smart hub or intelligent hub: -   In Ethernet systems also called intelligent hubs, managed hubs, or switched hub. This type of hub use in large organization to improve the performance of network. It has capability of central and minimizes data traffic in network.
  

Switch :

1.  A switch is a device that looks much like a HUB. It also capable of network management activities and it select optional path for signal delivery. It receives the signal, generate the signal and transmit the signal.

2. Switch is a network device which connects of computer within same network or signal network.

3.  Unicast the packet.

 4.  Shared the bandwidth .

5.  Power consume .

6.  Expensive than hub .

Router :

1. Router is a device which is used to connect similar or dissimilar type of network.

2.  Router is a network device which used to connect more than one network.

3. There are two types of router :- Hardware router and software router

 

 

MODEM:-

1. Modem (modular/de-modular) is a device that converts the digital signals generated by a computer into analog signals that travels over conventional telephone line. The modem at the receiving end converts the signal into a format that computer understand. Modem measured in Bps( bit per second)

 

 2.  There are two types of modem

1. Internal modem

2. External modem

. 3. Convert analog signal into digital signal and digital signal into analog signal.

      

Transceiver:-

The transmitter and receiver are combined together to a form a transceiver. It means it can transmit the data and receive the data. It combines Nepal language and English language.

 

Firewall:-

1. A firewall is a protection device in maybe hardware or software. Its stops the unwanted data and also entry.

2.   It is a device used to filter incoming and outgoing packets.

3.  It provide protection 

 

NIC( Network interface card ):-

It is a device which used to connect one computer with another computer. 

 

Definition

network interface card (NIC)

A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component, typically a circuit board or chip, which is installed on a computer so that it can connect to a network. Modern NICs provide functionality to computers such as support for I/O interrupt, direct memory access (DMA) interfaces, data transmission, network traffic engineering  and partitioning.

A NIC provides a computer with a dedicated, full-time connection to a network by implementing the physical layer circuitry necessary for communicating with a data link layer standard, such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Each card represents a device and can prepare, transmit and control the flow of data on the network. The NIC uses the OSI model to send signals at the physical layer, transmit data packets at the network layer and operate as an interface at the TCP/IP layer.
The network card operates as a middleman between a computer and a data network. For example, when a user requests a web page, the computer will pass the request to the network card which converts it into electrical impulses. Those impulses are received by a web server on the internet and responds by sending the web page back to the network card as electrical signals. The card gets these signals and translates them into the data that the computer displays.